Starting the Computer System
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Today we will get information about "Starting the Computer System" through this post. I will keep posting more important posts on my Website for all of you. Please give your support and love.
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Starting the Computer System:-
Starting and restarting the computer is called 'Booting'. When you turn the computer on after turning it off completely, it is called 'Cold Boot'. Warm boot is the one in which the computer already has Power On and you restart it. Every time you boot the computer, the kernel and other parts use the instructions of the operating system, which are loaded or copied from the hard disk storage in the computer's memory RAM. Kernel is the core (central part) of the operating system (O/S), which manages memory and devices (computer's clock), starts applications and determines computer's resources such as devices programs data and information. Kernel is the resident of memory.
This means that when the computer runs, it remains in the memory. Other parts of the operating system (O/S) are non-residents. This means that their instructions remain on the hard disk (HDD) until they are needed. What does PC Cold Booting do while using Windows Operating System? Let us know in detail:-
1) When we turn on the computer, the power supply sends an electronic signal to the motherboard and other devices located in the system unit.
2) The electric charge resets itself and moves to the ROM (Read Only Memory) chip. The ROM chip contains the BIOS. The BIOS (Basic Input Output System) is the firmware, which contains instructions for the start-up of the computer.
3) The BIOS performs a complete series of tests to ensure that the computer hardware is properly connected and working properly. This test is commonly called power-on self test (POST), which checks various system components like system clock, expansion card, RAM chips, keyboard and drive etc. . As soon as the post is activated, the LEDs lights flicker on devices including the disk drive (HDD) and keyboard, make several beeps, and several messages are displayed on the monitor's screen.
4) POST compares the data on the CMOS chip on the motherboard. The CMOS chip stores computer configuration information such as the amount of memory, type of disc drive, keyboard and monitor, current date and time and other starup information. It also detects any new device connected to the computer. If a problem is found, the computer may beep, show error messages or stop operating depending on the severity of the problem.
5) If the POST completes successfully, the BIOS searches for operating system (O/S) files called system files. Typically, the operating system (O/S) first looks for Drive-A,B instead of the floppy disk drive (FDD). If the system files are not in Drive-A,B, the BIOS usually looks to Drive C instead of the first hard disk (HDD). If DriveA, B, and Drive-C do not contain system files, some computers look to a CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive.
6) Locate and execute system files loaded into memory first. Further, the kernel of the operating system (O/S) loads them into memory and the operating system (O/S) in memory starts controlling the computer.
7) The operating system (O/S) loads the configuration information. The Windows registry contains several files that contain system configuration information. Windows continuously accesses the registry during the operation of the computer for installed hardware and software equipment and mouse speed, password and other user information.
8) When the Operating System (O/S) is fully loaded into the memory, the Operating System (O/S) takes over all the control, eventually handing over this command of control to the user in the form of Command Promt. Now, by typing commands in front of this prompt or clicking in the GUI interface, the user can get his work done from the computer with the help of Operating System (O/S).
Through this blog, we have learned how the computer system boots. When any system is fully booted, then we can run any program or software on it and can do the work according to our need.
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